BALFORD.Metalworking engineering answers

Metalworking topics in /ask/

Every question below is a canonical page: one question, one answer, sourced. The status column is the honest state of the evidence today, not a marketing claim.

Coverage summary

Canonical questions mapped96
Strong published evidence91
Needs engineer input or an original photo / measurement5
No evidence yet - routed to a drawing review instead of a guess0
Deliberately out of scope (Balford does not perform this)0

Focus processes: fine blanking and thinning deep drawing

Balford has two focus processes. Fine blanking (jingchong) produces a high proportion of smooth sheared edge for function-critical flat parts, and thinning / ironing deep drawing (bianbao lashen) forces material to a controlled wall in multi-stage draws. Everything below is core capability, not an adjacent service.

QuestionStatusSources
focus processWhat is fine blanking?covered6
focus processFine blanking vs conventional blanking: which should I specify?covered6
focus processWhat edge quality does fine blanking achieve?covered6
focus processWhich materials and thicknesses suit fine blanking?covered6
focus processWhat tooling does fine blanking need and what drives its cost?covered6
focus processFine blanking vs laser cutting vs machining for a flat functional part?covered6
focus processWhat parts are typically fine blanked?covered6
focus processWhat is thinning deep drawing (ironing)?covered6
focus processWhen is forced thinning needed instead of a conventional draw?covered6
focus processHow thin a wall can deep drawing achieve?covered6
focus processIroning vs redrawing: what is the difference?covered6
focus processWhat defects occur in thinning deep drawing?covered6
focus processHow are multi-stage thinning draws and annealing sequenced?needs engineer input6

Stamping and forming processes

The cold-forming family: what each process is, what geometry it suits, and where the boundary between them sits.

QuestionStatusSources
What is metal stamping?needs engineer input6
Metal stamping vs casting vs machining: which process should I choose?covered6
What is the difference between blanking and piercing?covered6
What is bending and forming in sheet metal?covered6
What is coining and embossing in stamping?covered6
What is ironing in deep drawing and when is it used?covered6
What tolerances can metal stamping achieve?covered6

Deep drawing

The process Balford is built around: draw ratios, stage counts, blank sizing, failure modes and the envelope the presses actually allow.

QuestionStatusSources
What is deep drawing?covered6
Deep drawing vs progressive die stamping: which process fits my part?covered6
What is the maximum deep draw diameter and press capacity?covered6
What draw ratio is possible in one deep drawing stage?covered6
How do I calculate the blank size for a deep drawn cup?covered6
How can I reduce cracking when deep drawing stainless steel?covered6
What are the common deep drawing defects and their causes?covered6
How much wall thickness variation is normal in a deep drawn part?covered6
When is reverse drawing or multi-stage drawing needed?covered6
How is leak tightness achieved in a deep drawn housing?covered6

Dies, tooling and tool room

Progressive, compound, transfer and single-hit tooling — how the tool is chosen, how it is built, and what drives its life.

QuestionStatusSources
Progressive die vs compound die vs transfer die: which should I specify?covered6
What is a progressive die and when is it economic?covered6
Can a progressive die produce a deep drawn part?covered6
What is in-die tapping and when should it be used?covered6
How is a stamping die designed, step by step?covered6
What tool life and maintenance cost should I expect from a progressive die?covered6
Do you design and build the tooling in house?covered6
How long does tooling take for a new stamped or deep drawn part?covered6

Sheet metal fabrication

Cutting, bending and joining sheet: laser, punching, press brake, tube, welding and brazing.

QuestionStatusSources
Laser cutting vs punching vs plasma: which should I choose?covered6
How do I calculate bend allowance and the K-factor?covered6
How do I compensate for springback in sheet metal bending?covered6
What minimum bend radius and hole-to-bend distance should I design to?covered6
What are the sheet metal gauge and thickness equivalents?covered6
How is tube bending calculated and what is the unfold length?covered6
Welding vs brazing: which is right for a metal housing?covered6
What is the sheet metal DFM checklist?covered6

Machining and secondary operations

What happens after forming: turning, milling, drilling, grinding, wire EDM and the pre-form question.

QuestionStatusSources
When is secondary machining needed after stamping?covered6
What CNC turning tolerances can be held?covered6
What CNC milling work can you take on?covered6
When is wire EDM the right choice for a part or a die?covered6
Do you machine from bar stock, forging, casting or powder metal pre-forms?covered6
How is burr and edge quality controlled?covered6
How is surface finish specified and measured?covered6

Materials

Alloy selection for cold forming: what machines well, what draws well, and where the traps are.

QuestionStatusSources
Which carbon steel grades are used for stamped parts?covered6
Which stainless steel grade should I choose: 301, 304, 316L or 430?covered6
Is stainless steel magnetic?covered6
What is DT4E pure iron and why is it used for solenoid housings?covered6
What are 1J50 and 1J79 soft magnetic alloys used for?needs engineer input6
Which aluminium grades deep draw well?covered6
Copper, brass or aluminium: which should a housing be made from?covered6
Can you work with Monel, Inconel, Hastelloy or Kovar?covered6
Can titanium be stamped or deep drawn?covered6
Do you provide mill certificates and material traceability?covered6

Heat treatment and surface finishing

Annealing and magnetic annealing, then the finishing routes — including the ones that are outsourced and must be declared as such.

QuestionStatusSources
What is annealing and why is it needed after deep drawing?covered6
What is magnetic annealing and when is it required?covered6
Passivation, electropolishing or plating: which surface treatment should I specify?covered6
What zinc plating and salt spray performance is available?covered6
What is the difference between powder coating and e-coating?covered6
Which processes are outsourced, and how are they controlled?covered6

Parts and applications

The component families Balford actually builds, and the engineering requirements each one carries.

QuestionStatusSources
How is a solenoid valve housing manufactured?covered6
How should I compare materials for a solenoid valve housing?covered6
What wall thickness should a deep drawn sensor housing use?covered6
How are motor housings and end caps stamped?covered6
What is a magnetic isolation sleeve and how is it made?covered6
How are custom shims, washers and spacers specified?covered6
What components make up a fuel metering valve?covered6
Can you produce battery cases and energy storage housings?covered6
What are deep drawn metal diaphragms used for?needs engineer input6

DFM, tolerances and quality

Design for manufacturing, tolerance practice, inspection and the documentation package a programme needs.

QuestionStatusSources
What is DFM and what does a manufacturability review cover?covered6
What information do you need for a metal stamping RFQ?covered6
How do I read a metal stamping tolerance chart?covered6
Which GD&T controls matter most on a drawn or stamped part?covered6
What PPAP level is normally submitted and what is included?covered6
What is first article inspection and when is it required?covered6
Do you provide IMDS, RoHS and REACH declarations?covered6
Do you have IATF 16949 certification?covered6
What inspection equipment do you use?covered6
What is your reject rate?covered6

Sourcing, cost and RFQ

The commercial side a buyer actually asks: volumes, tooling cost, lead time, MOQ and how to run a supplier evaluation.

QuestionStatusSources
What drives the cost of a stamped or deep drawn part?covered6
What is the minimum order quantity and do you accept small batches?covered6
At what volume does a progressive die pay back?covered6
What is the production lead time after tooling is approved?covered6
How do I evaluate a metal stamping supplier in China?covered6
How are stamped parts packed and shipped from China?needs engineer input6
How are drawings protected and can you sign an NDA?covered6
Can you supply prototypes or sample parts before tooling?covered6